By Veronika Bondarenko The company has to navigate a key challenge in sorting through the enormous amounts of data available. Many people complain about targeted ads but few actually know how everything from their clicking habits to current market performance inform what the algorithm will show them next time. In the first quarter of 2022 e-commerce giant Amazon AMZN increased its spending on online ads by 25% to $7.8 billion. In economics, there is a concept known as nowcasting — it moved over from meteorology and refers to making very short-term predictions (usually within the range of three…